1. Introduction
A 3D seismic interpretation of a working face in a mine in Shanxi showed a fault (DF4) with a drop of 0-14m and an extension of about 300 m. It will affect the formation of the next working face and the mining face. Therefore, the accurate detection of the location and extension of the fault is crucial to maintain the safe producing of the working face.
2. Treatment solution
Since only one roadway (head entry) was constructed in the working face, reflective in-seam seismic exploration was adopted to detect the target. After the seismic waves were stimulated and formed in the head entry, it encountered the fault during the forward propagation process. A reflective channel wave was formed at the reflection interface. The reflective wave data were acquired and analyzed to demonstrate the fault structure in head entry. Thus, the exploration results were achieved, as shown in Fig 1.
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of reflective in-seam seismic exploration
3. Work situation
43 excitation points and 87 detection points were deployed in the head entry. Seismic waves were formed after excitation, and geophones received the reflective wave of the target structure. The yellow area in Fig 2 showed the detection range of the reflective seismic waves.
4. Achieved accomplishment
Adopting the reflective inseam seismic exploration technology, one fault (CF1) was finally detected and explained. The location and length of DF4 were determined accurately. After analysis, it was found that the fault extension distance reached more than 800m. Subsequent drilling data showed that the fault location and drop explained by the reflective inseam seismic exploration were relatively accurate.
Fig. 2 Interpretation results of reflective seismic wave exploration in coal seam
5. FAQ
Question 1: How far can the reflective seismic wave exploration technology detect?
Answer 1: The detection range of the reflective seismic wave exploration technology is closely related to the coal thickness. According to the experiences, it can detect faults in the range of 150 times of the coal thickness.
Question 2: How large is a fault that reflective seismic wave exploration technology can detect
Answer 2: Reflective seismic wave can detect faults with a drop of more than 1/2 coal thickness.
Question 3: What other structures can be detected?
Answer 3: Reflective seismic wave exploration technology is often used for the detection of faults in the working face. In addition, anomalies such as subsidence columns, goaf, and thinned seams can also be detected.
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